Installation Guide (Català) - ArchWiki

# Installation Guide (Català)

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Aquest document et guiarà en el procés d'instal·lació de Arch Linux des del sistema d'arranc de la imatge oficial. Abans de començar la instal·lació et recomanem que passis per la pàgina de preguntes freqüents FAQ. També pots veure Beginners' guide per a una explicació més detallada.

La comunitat-mantenidora Arch wiki és un recurs excelent i hauria de ser consultat primerament. El canal IRC (irc://irc.freenode.net/#archlinux) juntament amb els forums estàn a disposició, si no pots trobar la resposta al teu problema enlloc més. Pensa també a consultar els manuals `man`. Pots consultar un manual sobre una comanda/paquet amb `man commanda`.

## Download

Descarrega la ISO de ArchLinux des de Arch Linux download page.

- La imatge descarregada és un sistema botable des d'arquitectures i686 i x86_64 per a instal·lar-lo per xarxa. Aquest conté un sistema [core]

Download the new Arch Linux ISO from the Arch Linux download page.

- A single image is provided which can be booted into an i686 and x86_64 live system to install Arch Linux over the network. Media containing the [core] repository are no longer provided.
- Install images are signed and it is highly recommended to verify their signature before use: this can be done by downloading the .sig file from the download page (or one of the mirrors listed there) to the same directory as the .iso file and then using `pacman-key -v iso-file.sig`.
- The image can be burned to a CD, mounted as an ISO file, or directly written to a USB stick. It is intended for new installations only; an existing Arch Linux system can always be updated with `pacman -Syu`.

## Installation

### Keyboard layout

For many countries and keyboard types appropriate keymaps are available already, and a command like `loadkeys uk` might do what you want. More available keymap files can be found in `/usr/share/kbd/keymaps/` (you can omit the keymap path and file extension when using loadkeys).

### Partition disks

See partitioning for details.

If you want to create any stacked block devices for LVM, disk encryption or RAID, do it now.

### Format the partitions

See File Systems and optionally Swap for details.

If you are using (U)EFI you will most probably need another partition to host the UEFI System partition. Read Create an UEFI System Partition in Linux.

### Mount the partitions

You must now mount the root partition on `/mnt`. After that, you should create directories for and mount any other partitions (`/mnt/boot`, `/mnt/home`, ...) and activate your swap partition if you want them to be detected by genfstab.

### Connect to the internet

A DHCP service is already enabled for all available devices. If you need to setup a static IP or use management tools such as Netctl, you should stop this service first: `systemctl stop dhcpcd.service`. For more information read configuring network.

#### Wireless

Run `wifi-menu` to set up your wireless network. For details, see Wireless Setup and Netctl.

### Install the base system

Before installing, you may want to edit `/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist` such that your preferred mirror is first. This copy of the mirrorlist will be installed on your new system by `pacstrap` as well, so it's worth getting it right.

Using the pacstrap script we install the base system.

    # pacstrap /mnt base

Other packages can be installed by appending their names to the above command (space seperated), including the boot loader if you want.

### Configure the system

- Generate an fstab with the following command (if you prefer to use UUIDs or labels, add the `-U` or `-L` option, respectively):

      # genfstab -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab

- chroot into our newly installed system:

      # arch-chroot /mnt

- Write your hostname to `/etc/hostname`.

- Symlink `/etc/localtime` to `/usr/share/zoneinfo/Zone/SubZone`. Replace `Zone` and `Subzone` to your liking. For example:

      # ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Athens /etc/localtime

- Uncomment the selected locale in `/etc/locale.gen` and generate it with `locale-gen`.
- Set locale preferences in `/etc/locale.conf`.
- Add console keymap and font preferences in `/etc/vconsole.conf`
- Configure `/etc/mkinitcpio.conf` as needed (see mkinitcpio) and create an initial RAM disk with:

      # mkinitcpio -p linux

- Set a root password with `passwd`.
- Configure the network again for newly installed environment. See Network configuration and Wireless Setup.

### Install and configure a boot loader

See Boot loaders for the available choices.

### Unmount and reboot

If you are still in the chroot environment type `exit` or press `Ctrl+D` in order to exit. Earlier we mounted the partitions under `/mnt`. In this step we will unmount them:

    # umount -R /mnt

Now reboot and then login into the new system with the root account.

## Post-installation

### User management

Add any user accounts you require besides root, as described in User management. It is not good practice to use the root account for regular use, or expose it via SSH on a server. The root account should only be used for administrative tasks.

### Package management

See pacman and FAQ#Package Management for answers regarding installing, updating, and managing packages.

### Service management

Arch Linux uses systemd as init, which is a system and service manager for Linux. For maintaining your Arch Linux installation, it is a good idea to learn the basics about it. Interaction with systemd is done through the `systemctl` command. Read systemd#Basic systemctl usage for more information.

### Sound

ALSA usually works out-of-the-box. It just needs to be unmuted. Install alsa-utils (which contains `alsamixer`) and follow these instructions.

ALSA is included with the kernel and it is recommended. If it does not work, OSS is a viable alternative. If you have advanced audio requirements, take a look at Sound system for an overview of various articles.

### Display server

The X Window System (commonly X11, or X) is a networking and display protocol which provides windowing on bitmap displays. It is the de-facto standard for implementating graphical user interfaces. See the Xorg article for details.

Wayland is a new display server protocol and the Weston reference implementation is available. There is very little support for it from applications at this early stage of development.

### Fonts

You may wish to install a set of TrueType fonts, as only unscalable bitmap fonts are included by default. DejaVu is a set of high quality, general-purpose fonts with good Unicode coverage:

    # pacman -S ttf-dejavu

Refer to Font configuration for how to configure font rendering and Fonts for font suggestions and installation instructions.

## Appendix

For a list of applications that may be of interest, see List of applications.

See General recommendations for post-installation tutorials like setting up a touchpad or font rendering.

Categories:

- About Arch (Català)
- Getting and installing Arch (Català)